file.inc
Same filename in other branches
API for handling file uploads and server file management.
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includes/
file.inc
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<?php
/**
* @file
* API for handling file uploads and server file management.
*/
/**
* Manually include stream wrapper code.
*
* Stream wrapper code is included here because there are cases where
* File API is needed before a bootstrap, or in an alternate order (e.g.
* maintenance theme).
*/
require_once DRUPAL_ROOT . '/includes/stream_wrappers.inc';
/**
* @defgroup file File interface
* @{
* Common file handling functions.
*
* Fields on the file object:
* - fid: File ID
* - uid: The {users}.uid of the user who is associated with the file.
* - filename: Name of the file with no path components. This may differ from
* the basename of the filepath if the file is renamed to avoid overwriting
* an existing file.
* - uri: URI of the file.
* - filemime: The file's MIME type.
* - filesize: The size of the file in bytes.
* - status: A bitmapped field indicating the status of the file. The first 8
* bits are reserved for Drupal core. The least significant bit indicates
* temporary (0) or permanent (1). Temporary files older than
* DRUPAL_MAXIMUM_TEMP_FILE_AGE will be removed during cron runs.
* - timestamp: UNIX timestamp for the date the file was added to the database.
*/
/**
* Flag used by file_prepare_directory() -- create directory if not present.
*/
define('FILE_CREATE_DIRECTORY', 1);
/**
* Flag used by file_prepare_directory() -- file permissions may be changed.
*/
define('FILE_MODIFY_PERMISSIONS', 2);
/**
* Flag for dealing with existing files: Appends number until name is unique.
*/
define('FILE_EXISTS_RENAME', 0);
/**
* Flag for dealing with existing files: Replace the existing file.
*/
define('FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE', 1);
/**
* Flag for dealing with existing files: Do nothing and return FALSE.
*/
define('FILE_EXISTS_ERROR', 2);
/**
* Indicates that the file is permanent and should not be deleted.
*
* Temporary files older than DRUPAL_MAXIMUM_TEMP_FILE_AGE will be removed
* during cron runs, but permanent files will not be removed during the file
* garbage collection process.
*/
define('FILE_STATUS_PERMANENT', 1);
/**
* A pipe-separated list of insecure extensions.
*
* @see file_munge_filename(), file_save_upload()
*/
define('FILE_INSECURE_EXTENSIONS', 'php|phar|pl|py|cgi|asp|js|phtml');
/**
* Provides Drupal stream wrapper registry.
*
* A stream wrapper is an abstraction of a file system that allows Drupal to
* use the same set of methods to access both local files and remote resources.
*
* Provide a facility for managing and querying user-defined stream wrappers
* in PHP. PHP's internal stream_get_wrappers() doesn't return the class
* registered to handle a stream, which we need to be able to find the handler
* for class instantiation.
*
* If a module registers a scheme that is already registered with PHP, the
* existing scheme will be unregistered and replaced with the specified class.
*
* A stream is referenced as "scheme://target".
*
* The optional $filter parameter can be used to retrieve only the stream
* wrappers that are appropriate for particular usage. For example, this returns
* only stream wrappers that use local file storage:
* @code
* $local_stream_wrappers = file_get_stream_wrappers(STREAM_WRAPPERS_LOCAL);
* @endcode
*
* The $filter parameter can only filter to types containing a particular flag.
* In some cases, you may want to filter to types that do not contain a
* particular flag. For example, you may want to retrieve all stream wrappers
* that are not writable, or all stream wrappers that are not local. PHP's
* array_diff_key() function can be used to help with this. For example, this
* returns only stream wrappers that do not use local file storage:
* @code
* $remote_stream_wrappers = array_diff_key(file_get_stream_wrappers(STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL), file_get_stream_wrappers(STREAM_WRAPPERS_LOCAL));
* @endcode
*
* @param $filter
* (Optional) Filters out all types except those with an on bit for each on
* bit in $filter. For example, if $filter is STREAM_WRAPPERS_WRITE_VISIBLE,
* which is equal to (STREAM_WRAPPERS_READ | STREAM_WRAPPERS_WRITE |
* STREAM_WRAPPERS_VISIBLE), then only stream wrappers with all three of these
* bits set are returned. Defaults to STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL, which returns all
* registered stream wrappers.
*
* @return
* An array keyed by scheme, with values containing an array of information
* about the stream wrapper, as returned by hook_stream_wrappers(). If $filter
* is omitted or set to STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL, the entire Drupal stream wrapper
* registry is returned. Otherwise only the stream wrappers whose 'type'
* bitmask has an on bit for each bit specified in $filter are returned.
*
* @see hook_stream_wrappers()
* @see hook_stream_wrappers_alter()
*/
function file_get_stream_wrappers($filter = STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL) {
$wrappers_storage =& drupal_static(__FUNCTION__);
if (!isset($wrappers_storage)) {
$wrappers = module_invoke_all('stream_wrappers');
foreach ($wrappers as $scheme => $info) {
// Add defaults.
$wrappers[$scheme] += array(
'type' => STREAM_WRAPPERS_NORMAL,
);
}
drupal_alter('stream_wrappers', $wrappers);
$existing = stream_get_wrappers();
foreach ($wrappers as $scheme => $info) {
// We only register classes that implement our interface.
if (in_array('DrupalStreamWrapperInterface', class_implements($info['class']), TRUE)) {
// Record whether we are overriding an existing scheme.
if (in_array($scheme, $existing, TRUE)) {
$wrappers[$scheme]['override'] = TRUE;
stream_wrapper_unregister($scheme);
}
else {
$wrappers[$scheme]['override'] = FALSE;
}
if (($info['type'] & STREAM_WRAPPERS_LOCAL) == STREAM_WRAPPERS_LOCAL) {
stream_wrapper_register($scheme, $info['class']);
}
else {
stream_wrapper_register($scheme, $info['class'], STREAM_IS_URL);
}
}
// Pre-populate the static cache with the filters most typically used.
$wrappers_storage[STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL][$scheme] = $wrappers[$scheme];
if (($info['type'] & STREAM_WRAPPERS_WRITE_VISIBLE) == STREAM_WRAPPERS_WRITE_VISIBLE) {
$wrappers_storage[STREAM_WRAPPERS_WRITE_VISIBLE][$scheme] = $wrappers[$scheme];
}
}
}
if (!isset($wrappers_storage[$filter])) {
$wrappers_storage[$filter] = array();
foreach ($wrappers_storage[STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL] as $scheme => $info) {
// Bit-wise filter.
if (($info['type'] & $filter) == $filter) {
$wrappers_storage[$filter][$scheme] = $info;
}
}
}
return $wrappers_storage[$filter];
}
/**
* Returns the stream wrapper class name for a given scheme.
*
* @param $scheme
* Stream scheme.
*
* @return
* Return string if a scheme has a registered handler, or FALSE.
*/
function file_stream_wrapper_get_class($scheme) {
$wrappers = file_get_stream_wrappers();
return empty($wrappers[$scheme]) ? FALSE : $wrappers[$scheme]['class'];
}
/**
* Returns the scheme of a URI (e.g. a stream).
*
* @param $uri
* A stream, referenced as "scheme://target".
*
* @return
* A string containing the name of the scheme, or FALSE if none. For example,
* the URI "public://example.txt" would return "public".
*
* @see file_uri_target()
*/
function file_uri_scheme($uri) {
$position = strpos((string) $uri, '://');
return $position ? substr($uri, 0, $position) : FALSE;
}
/**
* Checks that the scheme of a stream URI is valid.
*
* Confirms that there is a registered stream handler for the provided scheme
* and that it is callable. This is useful if you want to confirm a valid
* scheme without creating a new instance of the registered handler.
*
* @param $scheme
* A URI scheme, a stream is referenced as "scheme://target".
*
* @return
* Returns TRUE if the string is the name of a validated stream,
* or FALSE if the scheme does not have a registered handler.
*/
function file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme) {
// Does the scheme have a registered handler that is callable?
$class = file_stream_wrapper_get_class($scheme);
if (class_exists($class)) {
return TRUE;
}
else {
return FALSE;
}
}
/**
* Returns the part of a URI after the schema.
*
* @param $uri
* A stream, referenced as "scheme://target".
*
* @return
* A string containing the target (path), or FALSE if none.
* For example, the URI "public://sample/test.txt" would return
* "sample/test.txt".
*
* @see file_uri_scheme()
*/
function file_uri_target($uri) {
$data = explode('://', $uri, 2);
// Remove erroneous leading or trailing, forward-slashes and backslashes.
return count($data) == 2 ? trim($data[1], '\\/') : FALSE;
}
/**
* Gets the default file stream implementation.
*
* @return
* 'public', 'private' or any other file scheme defined as the default.
*/
function file_default_scheme() {
return variable_get('file_default_scheme', 'public');
}
/**
* Normalizes a URI by making it syntactically correct.
*
* A stream is referenced as "scheme://target".
*
* The following actions are taken:
* - Remove trailing slashes from target
* - Trim erroneous leading slashes from target. e.g. ":///" becomes "://".
*
* @param $uri
* String reference containing the URI to normalize.
*
* @return
* The normalized URI.
*/
function file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize($uri) {
// Inline file_uri_scheme() function call for performance reasons.
$position = strpos($uri, '://');
$scheme = $position ? substr($uri, 0, $position) : FALSE;
if ($scheme && file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) {
$target = file_uri_target($uri);
if ($target !== FALSE) {
$uri = $scheme . '://' . $target;
}
}
return $uri;
}
/**
* Returns a reference to the stream wrapper class responsible for a given URI.
*
* The scheme determines the stream wrapper class that should be
* used by consulting the stream wrapper registry.
*
* @param $uri
* A stream, referenced as "scheme://target".
*
* @return
* Returns a new stream wrapper object appropriate for the given URI or FALSE
* if no registered handler could be found. For example, a URI of
* "private://example.txt" would return a new private stream wrapper object
* (DrupalPrivateStreamWrapper).
*/
function file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri($uri) {
$scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
$class = file_stream_wrapper_get_class($scheme);
if (class_exists($class)) {
$instance = new $class();
$instance->setUri($uri);
return $instance;
}
else {
return FALSE;
}
}
/**
* Returns a reference to the stream wrapper class responsible for a scheme.
*
* This helper method returns a stream instance using a scheme. That is, the
* passed string does not contain a "://". For example, "public" is a scheme
* but "public://" is a URI (stream). This is because the later contains both
* a scheme and target despite target being empty.
*
* Note: the instance URI will be initialized to "scheme://" so that you can
* make the customary method calls as if you had retrieved an instance by URI.
*
* @param $scheme
* If the stream was "public://target", "public" would be the scheme.
*
* @return
* Returns a new stream wrapper object appropriate for the given $scheme.
* For example, for the public scheme a stream wrapper object
* (DrupalPublicStreamWrapper).
* FALSE is returned if no registered handler could be found.
*/
function file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_scheme($scheme) {
$class = file_stream_wrapper_get_class($scheme);
if (class_exists($class)) {
$instance = new $class();
$instance->setUri($scheme . '://');
return $instance;
}
else {
return FALSE;
}
}
/**
* Creates a web-accessible URL for a stream to an external or local file.
*
* Compatibility: normal paths and stream wrappers.
*
* There are two kinds of local files:
* - "managed files", i.e. those stored by a Drupal-compatible stream wrapper.
* These are files that have either been uploaded by users or were generated
* automatically (for example through CSS aggregation).
* - "shipped files", i.e. those outside of the files directory, which ship as
* part of Drupal core or contributed modules or themes.
*
* @param $uri
* The URI to a file for which we need an external URL, or the path to a
* shipped file.
*
* @return
* A string containing a URL that may be used to access the file.
* If the provided string already contains a preceding 'http', 'https', or
* '/', nothing is done and the same string is returned. If a stream wrapper
* could not be found to generate an external URL, then FALSE is returned.
*
* @see http://drupal.org/node/515192
*/
function file_create_url($uri) {
// Allow the URI to be altered, e.g. to serve a file from a CDN or static
// file server.
drupal_alter('file_url', $uri);
$scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
if (!$scheme) {
// Allow for:
// - root-relative URIs (e.g. /foo.jpg in http://example.com/foo.jpg)
// - protocol-relative URIs (e.g. //bar.jpg, which is expanded to
// http://example.com/bar.jpg by the browser when viewing a page over
// HTTP and to https://example.com/bar.jpg when viewing a HTTPS page)
// Both types of relative URIs are characterized by a leading slash, hence
// we can use a single check.
if (drupal_substr($uri, 0, 1) == '/') {
return $uri;
}
else {
// If this is not a properly formatted stream, then it is a shipped file.
// Therefore, return the urlencoded URI with the base URL prepended.
return $GLOBALS['base_url'] . '/' . drupal_encode_path($uri);
}
}
elseif ($scheme == 'http' || $scheme == 'https') {
// Check for HTTP so that we don't have to implement getExternalUrl() for
// the HTTP wrapper.
return $uri;
}
else {
// Attempt to return an external URL using the appropriate wrapper.
if ($wrapper = file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri($uri)) {
return $wrapper->getExternalUrl();
}
else {
return FALSE;
}
}
}
/**
* Checks that the directory exists and is writable.
*
* Directories need to have execute permissions to be considered a directory by
* FTP servers, etc.
*
* @param $directory
* A string reference containing the name of a directory path or URI. A
* trailing slash will be trimmed from a path.
* @param $options
* A bitmask to indicate if the directory should be created if it does
* not exist (FILE_CREATE_DIRECTORY) or made writable if it is read-only
* (FILE_MODIFY_PERMISSIONS).
*
* @return
* TRUE if the directory exists (or was created) and is writable. FALSE
* otherwise.
*/
function file_prepare_directory(&$directory, $options = FILE_MODIFY_PERMISSIONS) {
if (!file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme(file_uri_scheme($directory))) {
// Only trim if we're not dealing with a stream.
$directory = rtrim($directory, '/\\');
}
// Check if directory exists.
if (!is_dir($directory)) {
// Let drupal_mkdir() recursively create directories and use the default
// directory permissions.
if ($options & FILE_CREATE_DIRECTORY) {
return @drupal_mkdir($directory, NULL, TRUE);
}
return FALSE;
}
// The directory exists, so check to see if it is writable.
$writable = is_writable($directory);
if (!$writable && $options & FILE_MODIFY_PERMISSIONS) {
return drupal_chmod($directory);
}
return $writable;
}
/**
* Creates a .htaccess file in each Drupal files directory if it is missing.
*/
function file_ensure_htaccess() {
file_create_htaccess('public://', FALSE);
if (variable_get('file_private_path', FALSE)) {
file_create_htaccess('private://', TRUE);
}
file_create_htaccess('temporary://', TRUE);
}
/**
* Creates a .htaccess file in the given directory.
*
* @param $directory
* The directory.
* @param $private
* FALSE indicates that $directory should be an open and public directory.
* The default is TRUE which indicates a private and protected directory.
* @param $force_overwrite
* Set to TRUE to attempt to overwrite the existing .htaccess file if one is
* already present. Defaults to FALSE.
*/
function file_create_htaccess($directory, $private = TRUE, $force_overwrite = FALSE) {
if (file_uri_scheme($directory)) {
$directory = file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize($directory);
}
else {
$directory = rtrim($directory, '/\\');
}
$htaccess_path = $directory . '/.htaccess';
if (file_exists($htaccess_path) && !$force_overwrite) {
// Short circuit if the .htaccess file already exists.
return;
}
$htaccess_lines = file_htaccess_lines($private);
// Write the .htaccess file.
if (file_put_contents($htaccess_path, $htaccess_lines)) {
drupal_chmod($htaccess_path, 0444);
}
else {
$variables = array(
'%directory' => $directory,
'!htaccess' => '<br />' . nl2br(check_plain($htaccess_lines)),
);
watchdog('security', "Security warning: Couldn't write .htaccess file. Please create a .htaccess file in your %directory directory which contains the following lines: <code>!htaccess</code>", $variables, WATCHDOG_ERROR);
}
}
/**
* Returns the standard .htaccess lines that Drupal writes to file directories.
*
* @param $private
* (Optional) Set to FALSE to return the .htaccess lines for an open and
* public directory. The default is TRUE, which returns the .htaccess lines
* for a private and protected directory.
*
* @return
* A string representing the desired contents of the .htaccess file.
*
* @see file_create_htaccess()
*/
function file_htaccess_lines($private = TRUE) {
$lines = <<<EOF
# Turn off all options we don't need.
Options None
Options +FollowSymLinks
# Set the catch-all handler to prevent scripts from being executed.
SetHandler Drupal_Security_Do_Not_Remove_See_SA_2006_006
<Files *>
# Override the handler again if we're run later in the evaluation list.
SetHandler Drupal_Security_Do_Not_Remove_See_SA_2013_003
</Files>
# If we know how to do it safely, disable the PHP engine entirely.
<IfModule mod_php5.c>
php_flag engine off
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_php7.c>
php_flag engine off
</IfModule>
# From PHP 8 there is no number in the module name.
<IfModule mod_php.c>
php_flag engine off
</IfModule>
EOF;
if ($private) {
$lines = <<<EOF
# Deny all requests from Apache 2.4+.
<IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
Require all denied
</IfModule>
# Deny all requests from Apache 2.0-2.2.
<IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
Deny from all
</IfModule>
EOF
. "\n\n" . $lines;
}
return $lines;
}
/**
* Loads file objects from the database.
*
* @param $fids
* An array of file IDs.
* @param $conditions
* (deprecated) An associative array of conditions on the {file_managed}
* table, where the keys are the database fields and the values are the
* values those fields must have. Instead, it is preferable to use
* EntityFieldQuery to retrieve a list of entity IDs loadable by
* this function.
*
* @return
* An array of file objects, indexed by fid.
*
* @todo Remove $conditions in Drupal 8.
*
* @see hook_file_load()
* @see file_load()
* @see entity_load()
* @see EntityFieldQuery
*/
function file_load_multiple($fids = array(), $conditions = array()) {
return entity_load('file', $fids, $conditions);
}
/**
* Loads a single file object from the database.
*
* @param $fid
* A file ID.
*
* @return
* An object representing the file, or FALSE if the file was not found.
*
* @see hook_file_load()
* @see file_load_multiple()
*/
function file_load($fid) {
$files = file_load_multiple(array(
$fid,
), array());
return reset($files);
}
/**
* Saves a file object to the database.
*
* If the $file->fid is not set a new record will be added.
*
* @param $file
* A file object returned by file_load().
*
* @return
* The updated file object.
*
* @see hook_file_insert()
* @see hook_file_update()
*/
function file_save(stdClass $file) {
$file->timestamp = REQUEST_TIME;
$file->filesize = filesize($file->uri);
// Load the stored entity, if any.
if (!empty($file->fid) && !isset($file->original)) {
$file->original = entity_load_unchanged('file', $file->fid);
}
module_invoke_all('file_presave', $file);
module_invoke_all('entity_presave', $file, 'file');
if (empty($file->fid)) {
drupal_write_record('file_managed', $file);
// Inform modules about the newly added file.
module_invoke_all('file_insert', $file);
module_invoke_all('entity_insert', $file, 'file');
}
else {
drupal_write_record('file_managed', $file, 'fid');
// Inform modules that the file has been updated.
module_invoke_all('file_update', $file);
module_invoke_all('entity_update', $file, 'file');
}
// Clear internal properties.
unset($file->original);
// Clear the static loading cache.
entity_get_controller('file')->resetCache(array(
$file->fid,
));
return $file;
}
/**
* Determines where a file is used.
*
* @param $file
* A file object.
*
* @return
* A nested array with usage data. The first level is keyed by module name,
* the second by object type and the third by the object id. The value
* of the third level contains the usage count.
*
* @see file_usage_add()
* @see file_usage_delete()
*/
function file_usage_list(stdClass $file) {
$result = db_select('file_usage', 'f')->fields('f', array(
'module',
'type',
'id',
'count',
))
->condition('fid', $file->fid)
->condition('count', 0, '>')
->execute();
$references = array();
foreach ($result as $usage) {
$references[$usage->module][$usage->type][$usage->id] = $usage->count;
}
return $references;
}
/**
* Records that a module is using a file.
*
* This usage information will be queried during file_delete() to ensure that
* a file is not in use before it is physically removed from disk.
*
* Examples:
* - A module that associates files with nodes, so $type would be
* 'node' and $id would be the node's nid. Files for all revisions are stored
* within a single nid.
* - The User module associates an image with a user, so $type would be 'user'
* and the $id would be the user's uid.
*
* @param $file
* A file object.
* @param $module
* The name of the module using the file.
* @param $type
* The type of the object that contains the referenced file.
* @param $id
* The unique, numeric ID of the object containing the referenced file.
* @param $count
* (optional) The number of references to add to the object. Defaults to 1.
*
* @see file_usage_list()
* @see file_usage_delete()
*/
function file_usage_add(stdClass $file, $module, $type, $id, $count = 1) {
db_merge('file_usage')->key(array(
'fid' => $file->fid,
'module' => $module,
'type' => $type,
'id' => $id,
))
->fields(array(
'count' => $count,
))
->expression('count', 'count + :count', array(
':count' => $count,
))
->execute();
}
/**
* Removes a record to indicate that a module is no longer using a file.
*
* The file_delete() function is typically called after removing a file usage
* to remove the record from the file_managed table and delete the file itself.
*
* @param $file
* A file object.
* @param $module
* The name of the module using the file.
* @param $type
* (optional) The type of the object that contains the referenced file. May
* be omitted if all module references to a file are being deleted.
* @param $id
* (optional) The unique, numeric ID of the object containing the referenced
* file. May be omitted if all module references to a file are being deleted.
* @param $count
* (optional) The number of references to delete from the object. Defaults to
* 1. 0 may be specified to delete all references to the file within a
* specific object.
*
* @see file_usage_add()
* @see file_usage_list()
* @see file_delete()
*/
function file_usage_delete(stdClass $file, $module, $type = NULL, $id = NULL, $count = 1) {
// Delete rows that have a exact or less value to prevent empty rows.
$query = db_delete('file_usage')->condition('module', $module)
->condition('fid', $file->fid);
if ($type && $id) {
$query->condition('type', $type)
->condition('id', $id);
}
if ($count) {
$query->condition('count', $count, '<=');
}
$result = $query->execute();
// If the row has more than the specified count decrement it by that number.
if (!$result && $count > 0) {
$query = db_update('file_usage')->condition('module', $module)
->condition('fid', $file->fid);
if ($type && $id) {
$query->condition('type', $type)
->condition('id', $id);
}
$query->expression('count', 'count - :count', array(
':count' => $count,
));
$query->execute();
}
}
/**
* Copies a file to a new location and adds a file record to the database.
*
* This function should be used when manipulating files that have records
* stored in the database. This is a powerful function that in many ways
* performs like an advanced version of copy().
* - Checks if $source and $destination are valid and readable/writable.
* - If file already exists in $destination either the call will error out,
* replace the file or rename the file based on the $replace parameter.
* - If the $source and $destination are equal, the behavior depends on the
* $replace parameter. FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE will error out. FILE_EXISTS_RENAME
* will rename the file until the $destination is unique.
* - Adds the new file to the files database. If the source file is a
* temporary file, the resulting file will also be a temporary file. See
* file_save_upload() for details on temporary files.
*
* @param $source
* A file object.
* @param $destination
* A string containing the destination that $source should be copied to.
* This must be a stream wrapper URI.
* @param $replace
* Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
* - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file. If a managed file with
* the destination name exists then its database entry will be updated. If
* no database entry is found then a new one will be created.
* - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
* unique.
* - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
*
* @return
* File object if the copy is successful, or FALSE in the event of an error.
*
* @see file_unmanaged_copy()
* @see hook_file_copy()
*/
function file_copy(stdClass $source, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
if (!file_valid_uri($destination)) {
if (($realpath = drupal_realpath($source->uri)) !== FALSE) {
watchdog('file', 'File %file (%realpath) could not be copied, because the destination %destination is invalid. This is often caused by improper use of file_copy() or a missing stream wrapper.', array(
'%file' => $source->uri,
'%realpath' => $realpath,
'%destination' => $destination,
));
}
else {
watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be copied, because the destination %destination is invalid. This is often caused by improper use of file_copy() or a missing stream wrapper.', array(
'%file' => $source->uri,
'%destination' => $destination,
));
}
drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file could not be copied, because the destination is invalid. More information is available in the system log.', array(
'%file' => $source->uri,
)), 'error');
return FALSE;
}
if ($uri = file_unmanaged_copy($source->uri, $destination, $replace)) {
$file = clone $source;
$file->fid = NULL;
$file->uri = $uri;
$file->filename = drupal_basename($uri);
// If we are replacing an existing file re-use its database record.
if ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE) {
$existing_files = file_load_multiple(array(), array(
'uri' => $uri,
));
if (count($existing_files)) {
$existing = reset($existing_files);
$file->fid = $existing->fid;
$file->filename = $existing->filename;
}
}
elseif ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_RENAME && is_file($destination)) {
$file->filename = drupal_basename($destination);
}
$file = file_save($file);
// Inform modules that the file has been copied.
module_invoke_all('file_copy', $file, $source);
return $file;
}
return FALSE;
}
/**
* Determines whether the URI has a valid scheme for file API operations.
*
* There must be a scheme and it must be a Drupal-provided scheme like
* 'public', 'private', 'temporary', or an extension provided with
* hook_stream_wrappers().
*
* @param $uri
* The URI to be tested.
*
* @return
* TRUE if the URI is allowed.
*/
function file_valid_uri($uri) {
// Assert that the URI has an allowed scheme. Barepaths are not allowed.
$uri_scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
if (empty($uri_scheme) || !file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($uri_scheme)) {
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
/**
* Copies a file to a new location without invoking the file API.
*
* This is a powerful function that in many ways performs like an advanced
* version of copy().
* - Checks if $source and $destination are valid and readable/writable.
* - If file already exists in $destination either the call will error out,
* replace the file or rename the file based on the $replace parameter.
* - If the $source and $destination are equal, the behavior depends on the
* $replace parameter. FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE will error out. FILE_EXISTS_RENAME
* will rename the file until the $destination is unique.
* - Provides a fallback using realpaths if the move fails using stream
* wrappers. This can occur because PHP's copy() function does not properly
* support streams if safe_mode or open_basedir are enabled. See
* https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=60456
*
* @param $source
* A string specifying the filepath or URI of the source file.
* @param $destination
* A URI containing the destination that $source should be copied to. The
* URI may be a bare filepath (without a scheme). If this value is omitted,
* Drupal's default files scheme will be used, usually "public://".
* @param $replace
* Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
* - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file.
* - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
* unique.
* - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
*
* @return
* The path to the new file, or FALSE in the event of an error.
*
* @see file_copy()
*/
function file_unmanaged_copy($source, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
$original_source = $source;
// Assert that the source file actually exists.
if (!file_exists($source)) {
// @todo Replace drupal_set_message() calls with exceptions instead.
drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file could not be copied, because no file by that name exists. Please check that you supplied the correct filename.', array(
'%file' => $original_source,
)), 'error');
if (($realpath = drupal_realpath($original_source)) !== FALSE) {
watchdog('file', 'File %file (%realpath) could not be copied because it does not exist.', array(
'%file' => $original_source,
'%realpath' => $realpath,
));
}
else {
watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be copied because it does not exist.', array(
'%file' => $original_source,
));
}
return FALSE;
}
// Build a destination URI if necessary.
if (!isset($destination)) {
$destination = file_build_uri(drupal_basename($source));
}
// Prepare the destination directory.
if (file_prepare_directory($destination)) {
// The destination is already a directory, so append the source basename.
$destination = file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize($destination . '/' . drupal_basename($source));
}
else {
// Perhaps $destination is a dir/file?
$dirname = drupal_dirname($destination);
if (!file_prepare_directory($dirname)) {
// The destination is not valid.
watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be copied, because the destination directory %destination is not configured correctly.', array(
'%file' => $original_source,
'%destination' => $dirname,
));
drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.', array(
'%file' => $original_source,
)), 'error');
return FALSE;
}
}
// Determine whether we can perform this operation based on overwrite rules.
$destination = file_destination($destination, $replace);
if ($destination === FALSE) {
drupal_set_message(t('The file %file could not be copied because a file by that name already exists in the destination directory.', array(
'%file' => $original_source,
)), 'error');
watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be copied because a file by that name already exists in the destination directory (%directory)', array(
'%file' => $original_source,
'%directory' => $destination,
));
return FALSE;
}
// Assert that the source and destination filenames are not the same.
$real_source = drupal_realpath($source);
$real_destination = drupal_realpath($destination);
if ($source == $destination || $real_source !== FALSE && $real_source == $real_destination) {
drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file was not copied because it would overwrite itself.', array(
'%file' => $source,
)), 'error');
watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be copied because it would overwrite itself.', array(
'%file' => $source,
));
return FALSE;
}
// Make sure the .htaccess files are present.
file_ensure_htaccess();
// Perform the copy operation.
if (!@copy($source, $destination)) {
// If the copy failed and realpaths exist, retry the operation using them
// instead.
if ($real_source === FALSE || $real_destination === FALSE || !@copy($real_source, $real_destination)) {
watchdog('file', 'The specified file %file could not be copied to %destination.', array(
'%file' => $source,
'%destination' => $destination,
), WATCHDOG_ERROR);
return FALSE;
}
}
// Set the permissions on the new file.
drupal_chmod($destination);
return $destination;
}
/**
* Constructs a URI to Drupal's default files location given a relative path.
*/
function file_build_uri($path) {
$uri = file_default_scheme() . '://' . $path;
return file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize($uri);
}
/**
* Determines the destination path for a file.
*
* @param $destination
* A string specifying the desired final URI or filepath.
* @param $replace
* Replace behavior when the destination file already exists.
* - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file.
* - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
* unique.
* - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
*
* @return
* The destination filepath, or FALSE if the file already exists
* and FILE_EXISTS_ERROR is specified.
*
* @throws RuntimeException
* Thrown if the filename contains invalid UTF-8.
*/
function file_destination($destination, $replace) {
$basename = drupal_basename($destination);
if (!drupal_validate_utf8($basename)) {
throw new RuntimeException(sprintf("Invalid filename '%s'", $basename));
}
if (file_exists($destination)) {
switch ($replace) {
case FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE:
// Do nothing here, we want to overwrite the existing file.
break;
case FILE_EXISTS_RENAME:
$directory = drupal_dirname($destination);
$destination = file_create_filename($basename, $directory);
break;
case FILE_EXISTS_ERROR:
// Error reporting handled by calling function.
return FALSE;
}
}
return $destination;
}
/**
* Moves a file to a new location and update the file's database entry.
*
* Moving a file is performed by copying the file to the new location and then
* deleting the original.
* - Checks if $source and $destination are valid and readable/writable.
* - Performs a file move if $source is not equal to $destination.
* - If file already exists in $destination either the call will error out,
* replace the file or rename the file based on the $replace parameter.
* - Adds the new file to the files database.
*
* @param $source
* A file object.
* @param $destination
* A string containing the destination that $source should be moved to.
* This must be a stream wrapper URI.
* @param $replace
* Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
* - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file. If a managed file with
* the destination name exists then its database entry will be updated and
* file_delete() called on the source file after hook_file_move is called.
* If no database entry is found then the source files record will be
* updated.
* - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
* unique.
* - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
*
* @return
* Resulting file object for success, or FALSE in the event of an error.
*
* @see file_unmanaged_move()
* @see hook_file_move()
*/
function file_move(stdClass $source, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
if (!file_valid_uri($destination)) {
if (($realpath = drupal_realpath($source->uri)) !== FALSE) {
watchdog('file', 'File %file (%realpath) could not be moved, because the destination %destination is invalid. This may be caused by improper use of file_move() or a missing stream wrapper.', array(
'%file' => $source->uri,
'%realpath' => $realpath,
'%destination' => $destination,
));
}
else {
watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be moved, because the destination %destination is invalid. This may be caused by improper use of file_move() or a missing stream wrapper.', array(
'%file' => $source->uri,
'%destination' => $destination,
));
}
drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file could not be moved, because the destination is invalid. More information is available in the system log.', array(
'%file' => $source->uri,
)), 'error');
return FALSE;
}
if ($uri = file_unmanaged_move($source->uri, $destination, $replace)) {
$delete_source = FALSE;
$file = clone $source;
$file->uri = $uri;
// If we are replacing an existing file re-use its database record.
if ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE) {
$existing_files = file_load_multiple(array(), array(
'uri' => $uri,
));
if (count($existing_files)) {
$existing = reset($existing_files);
$delete_source = TRUE;
$file->fid = $existing->fid;
}
}
elseif ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_RENAME && is_file($destination)) {
$file->filename = drupal_basename($destination);
}
$file = file_save($file);
// Inform modules that the file has been moved.
module_invoke_all('file_move', $file, $source);
if ($delete_source) {
// Try a soft delete to remove original if it's not in use elsewhere.
file_delete($source);
}
return $file;
}
return FALSE;
}
/**
* Moves a file to a new location without database changes or hook invocation.
*
* @param $source
* A string specifying the filepath or URI of the original file.
* @param $destination
* A string containing the destination that $source should be moved to.
* This must be a stream wrapper URI. If this value is omitted, Drupal's
* default files scheme will be used, usually "public://".
* @param $replace
* Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
* - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file.
* - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
* unique.
* - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
*
* @return
* The URI of the moved file, or FALSE in the event of an error.
*
* @see file_move()
*/
function file_unmanaged_move($source, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
$filepath = file_unmanaged_copy($source, $destination, $replace);
if ($filepath == FALSE || file_unmanaged_delete($source) == FALSE) {
return FALSE;
}
return $filepath;
}
/**
* Modifies a filename as needed for security purposes.
*
* Munging a file name prevents unknown file extensions from masking exploit
* files. When web servers such as Apache decide how to process a URL request,
* they use the file extension. If the extension is not recognized, Apache
* skips that extension and uses the previous file extension. For example, if
* the file being requested is exploit.php.pps, and Apache does not recognize
* the '.pps' extension, it treats the file as PHP and executes it. To make
* this file name safe for Apache and prevent it from executing as PHP, the
* .php extension is "munged" into .php_, making the safe file name
* exploit.php_.pps.
*
* Specifically, this function adds an underscore to all extensions that are
* between 2 and 5 characters in length, internal to the file name, and either
* included in the list of unsafe extensions, or not included in $extensions.
*
* Function behavior is also controlled by the Drupal variable
* 'allow_insecure_uploads'. If 'allow_insecure_uploads' evaluates to TRUE, no
* alterations will be made, if it evaluates to FALSE, the filename is 'munged'.
*
* @param $filename
* File name to modify.
* @param $extensions
* A space-separated list of extensions that should not be altered. Note that
* extensions that are unsafe will be altered regardless of this parameter.
* @param $alerts
* If TRUE, drupal_set_message() will be called to display a message if the
* file name was changed.
*
* @return
* The potentially modified $filename.
*/
function file_munge_filename($filename, $extensions, $alerts = TRUE) {
$original = $filename;
// Allow potentially insecure uploads for very savvy users and admin
if (!variable_get('allow_insecure_uploads', 0)) {
// Remove any null bytes. See http://php.net/manual/security.filesystem.nullbytes.php
$filename = str_replace(chr(0), '', $filename);
$whitelist = array_unique(explode(' ', strtolower(trim($extensions))));
// Remove unsafe extensions from the list of allowed extensions.
$whitelist = array_diff($whitelist, explode('|', FILE_INSECURE_EXTENSIONS));
// Split the filename up by periods. The first part becomes the basename
// the last part the final extension.
$filename_parts = explode('.', $filename);
$new_filename = array_shift($filename_parts);
// Remove file basename.
$final_extension = array_pop($filename_parts);
// Remove final extension.
// Loop through the middle parts of the name and add an underscore to the
// end of each section that could be a file extension but isn't in the list
// of allowed extensions.
foreach ($filename_parts as $filename_part) {
$new_filename .= '.' . $filename_part;
if (!in_array(strtolower($filename_part), $whitelist) && preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z]{2,5}\\d?\$/", $filename_part)) {
$new_filename .= '_';
}
}
$filename = $new_filename . '.' . $final_extension;
if ($alerts && $original != $filename) {
drupal_set_message(t('For security reasons, your upload has been renamed to %filename.', array(
'%filename' => $filename,
)));
}
}
return $filename;
}
/**
* Undoes the effect of file_munge_filename().
*
* @param $filename
* String with the filename to be unmunged.
*
* @return
* An unmunged filename string.
*/
function file_unmunge_filename($filename) {
return str_replace('_.', '.', $filename);
}
/**
* Creates a full file path from a directory and filename.
*
* If a file with the specified name already exists, an alternative will be
* used.
*
* @param $basename
* String filename
* @param $directory
* String containing the directory or parent URI.
*
* @return
* File path consisting of $directory and a unique filename based off
* of $basename.
*
* @throws RuntimeException
* Thrown if the $basename is not valid UTF-8 or another error occurs
* stripping control characters.
*/
function file_create_filename($basename, $directory) {
$original = $basename;
// Strip control characters (ASCII value < 32). Though these are allowed in
// some filesystems, not many applications handle them well.
$basename = preg_replace('/[\\x00-\\x1F]/u', '_', $basename);
if (preg_last_error() !== PREG_NO_ERROR) {
throw new RuntimeException(sprintf("Invalid filename '%s'", $original));
}
if (substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3) == 'WIN') {
// These characters are not allowed in Windows filenames
$basename = str_replace(array(
':',
'*',
'?',
'"',
'<',
'>',
'|',
), '_', $basename);
}
// A URI or path may already have a trailing slash or look like "public://".
if (substr($directory, -1) == '/') {
$separator = '';
}
else {
$separator = '/';
}
$destination = $directory . $separator . $basename;
if (file_exists($destination)) {
// Destination file already exists, generate an alternative.
$pos = strrpos($basename, '.');
if ($pos !== FALSE) {
$name = substr($basename, 0, $pos);
$ext = substr($basename, $pos);
}
else {
$name = $basename;
$ext = '';
}
$counter = 0;
do {
$destination = $directory . $separator . $name . '_' . $counter++ . $ext;
} while (file_exists($destination));
}
return $destination;
}
/**
* Deletes a file and its database record.
*
* If the $force parameter is not TRUE, file_usage_list() will be called to
* determine if the file is being used by any modules. If the file is being
* used the delete will be canceled.
*
* @param $file
* A file object.
* @param $force
* Boolean indicating that the file should be deleted even if the file is
* reported as in use by the file_usage table.
*
* @return mixed
* TRUE for success, FALSE in the event of an error, or an array if the file
* is being used by any modules.
*
* @see file_unmanaged_delete()
* @see file_usage_list()
* @see file_usage_delete()
* @see hook_file_delete()
*/
function file_delete(stdClass $file, $force = FALSE) {
if (!file_valid_uri($file->uri)) {
if (($realpath = drupal_realpath($file->uri)) !== FALSE) {
watchdog('file', 'File %file (%realpath) could not be deleted because it is not a valid URI. This may be caused by improper use of file_delete() or a missing stream wrapper.', array(
'%file' => $file->uri,
'%realpath' => $realpath,
));
}
else {
watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be deleted because it is not a valid URI. This may be caused by improper use of file_delete() or a missing stream wrapper.', array(
'%file' => $file->uri,
));
}
drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file could not be deleted, because it is not a valid URI. More information is available in the system log.', array(
'%file' => $file->uri,
)), 'error');
return FALSE;
}
// If any module still has a usage entry in the file_usage table, the file
// will not be deleted, but file_delete() will return a populated array
// that tests as TRUE.
if (!$force && ($references = file_usage_list($file))) {
return $references;
}
// Let other modules clean up any references to the deleted file.
module_invoke_all('file_delete', $file);
module_invoke_all('entity_delete', $file, 'file');
// Make sure the file is deleted before removing its row from the
// database, so UIs can still find the file in the database.
if (file_unmanaged_delete($file->uri)) {
db_delete('file_managed')->condition('fid', $file->fid)
->execute();
db_delete('file_usage')->condition('fid', $file->fid)
->execute();
entity_get_controller('file')->resetCache();
return TRUE;
}
return FALSE;
}
/**
* Deletes a file without database changes or hook invocations.
*
* This function should be used when the file to be deleted does not have an
* entry recorded in the files table.
*
* @param $path
* A string containing a file path or (streamwrapper) URI.
*
* @return
* TRUE for success or path does not exist, or FALSE in the event of an
* error.
*
* @see file_delete()
* @see file_unmanaged_delete_recursive()
*/
function file_unmanaged_delete($path) {
if (is_dir($path)) {
watchdog('file', '%path is a directory and cannot be removed using file_unmanaged_delete().', array(
'%path' => $path,
), WATCHDOG_ERROR);
return FALSE;
}
if (is_file($path)) {
return drupal_unlink($path);
}
// Return TRUE for non-existent file, but log that nothing was actually
// deleted, as the current state is the intended result.
if (!file_exists($path)) {
watchdog('file', 'The file %path was not deleted, because it does not exist.', array(
'%path' => $path,
), WATCHDOG_NOTICE);
return TRUE;
}
// We cannot handle anything other than files and directories. Log an error
// for everything else (sockets, symbolic links, etc).
watchdog('file', 'The file %path is not of a recognized type so it was not deleted.', array(
'%path' => $path,
), WATCHDOG_ERROR);
return FALSE;
}
/**
* Deletes all files and directories in the specified filepath recursively.
*
* If the specified path is a directory then the function will call itself
* recursively to process the contents. Once the contents have been removed the
* directory will also be removed.
*
* If the specified path is a file then it will be passed to
* file_unmanaged_delete().
*
* Note that this only deletes visible files with write permission.
*
* @param $path
* A string containing either an URI or a file or directory path.
*
* @return
* TRUE for success or if path does not exist, FALSE in the event of an
* error.
*
* @see file_unmanaged_delete()
*/
function file_unmanaged_delete_recursive($path) {
if (is_dir($path)) {
$dir = dir($path);
while (($entry = $dir->read()) !== FALSE) {
if ($entry == '.' || $entry == '..') {
continue;
}
$entry_path = $path . '/' . $entry;
file_unmanaged_delete_recursive($entry_path);
}
$dir->close();
return drupal_rmdir($path);
}
return file_unmanaged_delete($path);
}
/**
* Determines total disk space used by a single user or the whole filesystem.
*
* @param $uid
* Optional. A user id, specifying NULL returns the total space used by all
* non-temporary files.
* @param $status
* Optional. The file status to consider. The default is to only
* consider files in status FILE_STATUS_PERMANENT.
*
* @return
* An integer containing the number of bytes used.
*/
function file_space_used($uid = NULL, $status = FILE_STATUS_PERMANENT) {
$query = db_select('file_managed', 'f');
$query->condition('f.status', $status);
$query->addExpression('SUM(f.filesize)', 'filesize');
if (isset($uid)) {
$query->condition('f.uid', $uid);
}
return $query->execute()
->fetchField();
}
/**
* Saves a file upload to a new location.
*
* The file will be added to the {file_managed} table as a temporary file.
* Temporary files are periodically cleaned. To make the file a permanent file,
* assign the status and use file_save() to save the changes.
*
* @param $form_field_name
* A string that is the associative array key of the upload form element in
* the form array.
* @param $validators
* An optional, associative array of callback functions used to validate the
* file. See file_validate() for a full discussion of the array format.
* If no extension validator is provided it will default to a limited safe
* list of extensions which is as follows: "jpg jpeg gif png txt
* doc xls pdf ppt pps odt ods odp". To allow all extensions you must
* explicitly set the 'file_validate_extensions' validator to an empty array
* (Beware: this is not safe and should only be allowed for trusted users, if
* at all).
* @param $destination
* A string containing the URI that the file should be copied to. This must
* be a stream wrapper URI. If this value is omitted, Drupal's temporary
* files scheme will be used ("temporary://").
* @param $replace
* Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
* - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE: Replace the existing file.
* - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME: Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
* unique.
* - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR: Do nothing and return FALSE.
*
* @return
* An object containing the file information if the upload succeeded, FALSE
* in the event of an error, or NULL if no file was uploaded. The
* documentation for the "File interface" group, which you can find under
* Related topics, or the header at the top of this file, documents the
* components of a file object. In addition to the standard components,
* this function adds:
* - source: Path to the file before it is moved.
* - destination: Path to the file after it is moved (same as 'uri').
*/
function file_save_upload($form_field_name, $validators = array(), $destination = FALSE, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
global $user;
static $upload_cache;
// Return cached objects without processing since the file will have
// already been processed and the paths in _FILES will be invalid.
if (isset($upload_cache[$form_field_name])) {
return $upload_cache[$form_field_name];
}
// Make sure there's an upload to process.
if (empty($_FILES['files']['name'][$form_field_name])) {
return NULL;
}
// Check for file upload errors and return FALSE if a lower level system
// error occurred. For a complete list of errors:
// See http://php.net/manual/features.file-upload.errors.php.
switch ($_FILES['files']['error'][$form_field_name]) {
case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
drupal_set_message(t('The file %file could not be saved, because it exceeds %maxsize, the maximum allowed size for uploads.', array(
'%file' => $_FILES['files']['name'][$form_field_name],
'%maxsize' => format_size(file_upload_max_size()),
)), 'error');
return FALSE;
case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
drupal_set_message(t('The file %file could not be saved, because the upload did not complete.', array(
'%file' => $_FILES['files']['name'][$form_field_name],
)), 'error');
return FALSE;
case UPLOAD_ERR_OK:
// Final check that this is a valid upload, if it isn't, use the
// default error handler.
if (is_uploaded_file($_FILES['files']['tmp_name'][$form_field_name])) {
break;
}
// Unknown error
default:
drupal_set_message(t('The file %file could not be saved. An unknown error has occurred.', array(
'%file' => $_FILES['files']['name'][$form_field_name],
)), 'error');
return FALSE;
}
// Begin building file object.
$file = new stdClass();
$file->uid = $user->uid;
$file->status = 0;
$file->filename = trim(drupal_basename($_FILES['files']['name'][$form_field_name]), '.');
$file->uri = $_FILES['files']['tmp_name'][$form_field_name];
$file->filemime = file_get_mimetype($file->filename);
$file->filesize = $_FILES['files']['size'][$form_field_name];
$extensions = '';
if (isset($validators['file_validate_extensions'])) {
if (isset($validators['file_validate_extensions'][0])) {
// Build the list of non-munged extensions if the caller provided them.
$extensions = $validators['file_validate_extensions'][0];
}
else {
// If 'file_validate_extensions' is set and the list is empty then the
// caller wants to allow any extension. In this case we have to remove the
// validator or else it will reject all extensions.
unset($validators['file_validate_extensions']);
}
}
else {
// No validator was provided, so add one using the default list.
// Build a default non-munged safe list for file_munge_filename().
$extensions = 'jpg jpeg gif png txt doc xls pdf ppt pps odt ods odp';
$validators['file_validate_extensions'] = array();
$validators['file_validate_extensions'][0] = $extensions;
}
if (!variable_get('allow_insecure_uploads', 0)) {
if (!empty($extensions)) {
// Munge the filename to protect against possible malicious extension hiding
// within an unknown file type (ie: filename.html.foo).
$file->filename = file_munge_filename($file->filename, $extensions);
}
// Rename potentially executable files, to help prevent exploits (i.e. will
// rename filename.php.foo and filename.php to filename.php_.foo_.txt and
// filename.php_.txt, respectively). Don't rename if 'allow_insecure_uploads'
// evaluates to TRUE.
if (preg_match('/\\.(' . FILE_INSECURE_EXTENSIONS . ')(\\.|$)/i', $file->filename)) {
// If the file will be rejected anyway due to a disallowed extension, it
// should not be renamed; rather, we'll let file_validate_extensions()
// reject it below.
if (!isset($validators['file_validate_extensions']) || !file_validate_extensions($file, $extensions)) {
$file->filemime = 'text/plain';
if (substr($file->filename, -4) != '.txt') {
// The destination filename will also later be used to create the URI.
$file->filename .= '.txt';
}
$file->filename = file_munge_filename($file->filename, $extensions, FALSE);
drupal_set_message(t('For security reasons, your upload has been renamed to %filename.', array(
'%filename' => $file->filename,
)));
// The .txt extension may not be in the allowed list of extensions. We have
// to add it here or else the file upload will fail.
if (!empty($validators['file_validate_extensions'][0])) {
$validators['file_validate_extensions'][0] .= ' txt';
}
}
}
}
// If the destination is not provided, use the temporary directory.
if (empty($destination)) {
$destination = 'temporary://';
}
// Assert that the destination contains a valid stream.
$destination_scheme = file_uri_scheme($destination);
if (!$destination_scheme || !file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($destination_scheme)) {
drupal_set_message(t('The file could not be uploaded, because the destination %destination is invalid.', array(
'%destination' => $destination,
)), 'error');
return FALSE;
}
$file->source = $form_field_name;
// A URI may already have a trailing slash or look like "public://".
if (substr($destination, -1) != '/') {
$destination .= '/';
}
try {
$file->destination = file_destination($destination . $file->filename, $replace);
} catch (RuntimeException $e) {
drupal_set_message(t('The file %source could not be uploaded because the name is invalid.', array(
'%source' => $form_field_name,
)), 'error');
return FALSE;
}
// If file_destination() returns FALSE then $replace == FILE_EXISTS_ERROR and
// there's an existing file so we need to bail.
if ($file->destination === FALSE) {
drupal_set_message(t('The file %source could not be uploaded because a file by that name already exists in the destination %directory.', array(
'%source' => $form_field_name,
'%directory' => $destination,
)), 'error');
return FALSE;
}
// Add in our check of the file name length.
$validators['file_validate_name_length'] = array();
// Call the validation functions specified by this function's caller.
$errors = file_validate($file, $validators);
// Check for errors.
if (!empty($errors)) {
$message = t('The specified file %name could not be uploaded.', array(
'%name' => $file->filename,
));
if (count($errors) > 1) {
$message .= theme('item_list', array(
'items' => $errors,
));
}
else {
$message .= ' ' . array_pop($errors);
}
form_set_error($form_field_name, $message);
return FALSE;
}
// Move uploaded files from PHP's upload_tmp_dir to Drupal's temporary
// directory. This overcomes open_basedir restrictions for future file
// operations.
$file->uri = $file->destination;
if (!drupal_move_uploaded_file($_FILES['files']['tmp_name'][$form_field_name], $file->uri)) {
form_set_error($form_field_name, t('File upload error. Could not move uploaded file.'));
watchdog('file', 'Upload error. Could not move uploaded file %file to destination %destination.', array(
'%file' => $file->filename,
'%destination' => $file->uri,
));
return FALSE;
}
// Set the permissions on the new file.
drupal_chmod($file->uri);
// If we are replacing an existing file re-use its database record.
if ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE) {
$existing_files = file_load_multiple(array(), array(
'uri' => $file->uri,
));
if (count($existing_files)) {
$existing = reset($existing_files);
$file->fid = $existing->fid;
}
}
// If we made it this far it's safe to record this file in the database.
if ($file = file_save($file)) {
// Track non-public files in the session if they were uploaded by an
// anonymous user. This allows modules such as the File module to only
// grant view access to the specific anonymous user who uploaded the file.
// See file_file_download().
// The 'file_public_schema' variable is used to allow other publicly
// accessible file schemes to be treated the same as the public:// scheme
// provided by Drupal core and to avoid adding unnecessary data to the
// session (and the resulting bypass of the page cache) in those cases. For
// security reasons, only schemes that are completely publicly accessible,
// with no download restrictions, should be added to this variable. See
// file_managed_file_value().
if (!$user->uid && !in_array($destination_scheme, variable_get('file_public_schema', array(
'public',
)))) {
$_SESSION['anonymous_allowed_file_ids'][$file->fid] = $file->fid;
}
// Add file to the cache.
$upload_cache[$form_field_name] = $file;
return $file;
}
return FALSE;
}
/**
* Moves an uploaded file to a new location.
*
* PHP's move_uploaded_file() does not properly support streams if safe_mode
* or open_basedir are enabled, so this function fills that gap.
*
* Compatibility: normal paths and stream wrappers.
*
* @param $filename
* The filename of the uploaded file.
* @param $uri
* A string containing the destination URI of the file.
*
* @return
* TRUE on success, or FALSE on failure.
*
* @see move_uploaded_file()
* @see http://drupal.org/node/515192
* @ingroup php_wrappers
*/
function drupal_move_uploaded_file($filename, $uri) {
$result = @move_uploaded_file($filename, $uri);
// PHP's move_uploaded_file() does not properly support streams if safe_mode
// or open_basedir are enabled so if the move failed, try finding a real path
// and retry the move operation.
if (!$result) {
if ($realpath = drupal_realpath($uri)) {
$result = move_uploaded_file($filename, $realpath);
}
else {
$result = move_uploaded_file($filename, $uri);
}
}
return $result;
}
/**
* Checks that a file meets the criteria specified by the validators.
*
* After executing the validator callbacks specified hook_file_validate() will
* also be called to allow other modules to report errors about the file.
*
* @param $file
* A Drupal file object.
* @param $validators
* An optional, associative array of callback functions used to validate the
* file. The keys are function names and the values arrays of callback
* parameters which will be passed in after the file object. The
* functions should return an array of error messages; an empty array
* indicates that the file passed validation. The functions will be called in
* the order specified.
*
* @return
* An array containing validation error messages.
*
* @see hook_file_validate()
*/
function file_validate(stdClass &$file, $validators = array()) {
// Call the validation functions specified by this function's caller.
$errors = array();
foreach ($validators as $function => $args) {
if (function_exists($function)) {
array_unshift($args, $file);
$errors = array_merge($errors, call_user_func_array($function, $args));
}
}
// Let other modules perform validation on the new file.
$errors = array_merge($errors, module_invoke_all('file_validate', $file));
// Ensure the file does not contain a malicious extension. At this point
// file_save_upload() will have munged the file so it does not contain a
// malicious extension. Contributed and custom code that calls this method
// needs to take similar steps if they need to permit files with malicious
// extensions to be uploaded.
if (empty($errors) && !variable_get('allow_insecure_uploads', 0) && preg_match('/\\.(' . FILE_INSECURE_EXTENSIONS . ')(\\.|$)/i', $file->filename)) {
$errors[] = t('For security reasons, your upload has been rejected.');
}
return $errors;
}
/**
* Checks for files with names longer than we can store in the database.
*
* @param $file
* A Drupal file object.
*
* @return
* An array. If the file name is too long, it will contain an error message.
*/
function file_validate_name_length(stdClass $file) {
$errors = array();
if (empty($file->filename)) {
$errors[] = t("The file's name is empty. Please give a name to the file.");
}
if (strlen($file->filename) > 240) {
$errors[] = t("The file's name exceeds the 240 characters limit. Please rename the file and try again.");
}
return $errors;
}
/**
* Checks that the filename ends with an allowed extension.
*
* @param $file
* A Drupal file object.
* @param $extensions
* A string with a space separated list of allowed extensions.
*
* @return
* An array. If the file extension is not allowed, it will contain an error
* message.
*
* @see hook_file_validate()
*/
function file_validate_extensions(stdClass $file, $extensions) {
$errors = array();
$regex = '/\\.(' . preg_replace('/ +/', '|', preg_quote($extensions)) . ')$/i';
if (!preg_match($regex, $file->filename)) {
$errors[] = t('Only files with the following extensions are allowed: %files-allowed.', array(
'%files-allowed' => $extensions,
));
}
return $errors;
}
/**
* Checks that the file's size is below certain limits.
*
* @param $file
* A Drupal file object.
* @param $file_limit
* An integer specifying the maximum file size in bytes. Zero indicates that
* no limit should be enforced.
* @param $user_limit
* An integer specifying the maximum number of bytes the user is allowed.
* Zero indicates that no limit should be enforced.
*
* @return
* An array. If the file size exceeds limits, it will contain an error
* message.
*
* @see hook_file_validate()
*/
function file_validate_size(stdClass $file, $file_limit = 0, $user_limit = 0) {
global $user;
$errors = array();
if ($file_limit && $file->filesize > $file_limit) {
$errors[] = t('The file is %filesize exceeding the maximum file size of %maxsize.', array(
'%filesize' => format_size($file->filesize),
'%maxsize' => format_size($file_limit),
));
}
// Save a query by only calling file_space_used() when a limit is provided.
if ($user_limit && file_space_used($user->uid) + $file->filesize > $user_limit) {
$errors[] = t('The file is %filesize which would exceed your disk quota of %quota.', array(
'%filesize' => format_size($file->filesize),
'%quota' => format_size($user_limit),
));
}
return $errors;
}
/**
* Checks that the file is recognized by image_get_info() as an image.
*
* @param $file
* A Drupal file object.
*
* @return
* An array. If the file is not an image, it will contain an error message.
*
* @see hook_file_validate()
*/
function file_validate_is_image(stdClass $file) {
$errors = array();
$info = image_get_info($file->uri);
if (!$info || empty($info['extension'])) {
$errors[] = t('Only JPEG, PNG and GIF images are allowed.');
}
return $errors;
}
/**
* Verifies that image dimensions are within the specified maximum and minimum.
*
* Non-image files will be ignored. If an image toolkit is available the image
* will be scaled to fit within the desired maximum dimensions.
*
* @param $file
* A Drupal file object. This function may resize the file affecting its
* size.
* @param $maximum_dimensions
* An optional string in the form WIDTHxHEIGHT e.g. '640x480' or '85x85'. If
* an image toolkit is installed the image will be resized down to these
* dimensions. A value of 0 indicates no restriction on size, so resizing
* will be attempted.
* @param $minimum_dimensions
* An optional string in the form WIDTHxHEIGHT. This will check that the
* image meets a minimum size. A value of 0 indicates no restriction.
*
* @return
* An array. If the file is an image and did not meet the requirements, it
* will contain an error message.
*
* @see hook_file_validate()
*/
function file_validate_image_resolution(stdClass $file, $maximum_dimensions = 0, $minimum_dimensions = 0) {
$errors = array();
// Check first that the file is an image.
if ($info = image_get_info($file->uri)) {
if ($maximum_dimensions) {
// Check that it is smaller than the given dimensions.
list($width, $height) = explode('x', $maximum_dimensions);
if ($info['width'] > $width || $info['height'] > $height) {
// Try to resize the image to fit the dimensions.
if ($image = image_load($file->uri)) {
image_scale($image, $width, $height);
image_save($image);
$file->filesize = $image->info['file_size'];
drupal_set_message(t('The image was resized to fit within the maximum allowed dimensions of %dimensions pixels.', array(
'%dimensions' => $maximum_dimensions,
)));
}
else {
$errors[] = t('The image is too large; the maximum dimensions are %dimensions pixels.', array(
'%dimensions' => $maximum_dimensions,
));
}
}
}
if ($minimum_dimensions) {
// Check that it is larger than the given dimensions.
list($width, $height) = explode('x', $minimum_dimensions);
if ($info['width'] < $width || $info['height'] < $height) {
$errors[] = t('The image is too small; the minimum dimensions are %dimensions pixels.', array(
'%dimensions' => $minimum_dimensions,
));
}
}
}
return $errors;
}
/**
* Saves a file to the specified destination and creates a database entry.
*
* @param $data
* A string containing the contents of the file.
* @param $destination
* A string containing the destination URI. This must be a stream wrapper URI.
* If no value is provided, a randomized name will be generated and the file
* will be saved using Drupal's default files scheme, usually "public://".
* @param $replace
* Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
* - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file. If a managed file with
* the destination name exists then its database entry will be updated. If
* no database entry is found then a new one will be created.
* - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
* unique.
* - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
*
* @return
* A file object, or FALSE on error.
*
* @see file_unmanaged_save_data()
*/
function file_save_data($data, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
global $user;
if (empty($destination)) {
$destination = file_default_scheme() . '://';
}
if (!file_valid_uri($destination)) {
watchdog('file', 'The data could not be saved because the destination %destination is invalid. This may be caused by improper use of file_save_data() or a missing stream wrapper.', array(
'%destination' => $destination,
));
drupal_set_message(t('The data could not be saved, because the destination is invalid. More information is available in the system log.'), 'error');
return FALSE;
}
if ($uri = file_unmanaged_save_data($data, $destination, $replace)) {
// Create a file object.
$file = new stdClass();
$file->fid = NULL;
$file->uri = $uri;
$file->filename = drupal_basename($uri);
$file->filemime = file_get_mimetype($file->uri);
$file->uid = $user->uid;
$file->status = FILE_STATUS_PERMANENT;
// If we are replacing an existing file re-use its database record.
if ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE) {
$existing_files = file_load_multiple(array(), array(
'uri' => $uri,
));
if (count($existing_files)) {
$existing = reset($existing_files);
$file->fid = $existing->fid;
$file->filename = $existing->filename;
}
}
elseif ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_RENAME && is_file($destination)) {
$file->filename = drupal_basename($destination);
}
return file_save($file);
}
return FALSE;
}
/**
* Saves a string to the specified destination without invoking file API.
*
* This function is identical to file_save_data() except the file will not be
* saved to the {file_managed} table and none of the file_* hooks will be
* called.
*
* @param $data
* A string containing the contents of the file.
* @param $destination
* A string containing the destination location. This must be a stream wrapper
* URI. If no value is provided, a randomized name will be generated and the
* file will be saved using Drupal's default files scheme, usually
* "public://".
* @param $replace
* Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
* - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file.
* - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
* unique.
* - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
*
* @return
* A string with the path of the resulting file, or FALSE on error.
*
* @see file_save_data()
*/
function file_unmanaged_save_data($data, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
// Write the data to a temporary file.
$temp_name = drupal_tempnam('temporary://', 'file');
if (file_put_contents($temp_name, $data) === FALSE) {
drupal_set_message(t('The file could not be created.'), 'error');
return FALSE;
}
// Move the file to its final destination.
return file_unmanaged_move($temp_name, $destination, $replace);
}
/**
* Transfers a file to the client using HTTP.
*
* Pipes a file through Drupal to the client.
*
* @param $uri
* String specifying the file URI to transfer.
* @param $headers
* An array of HTTP headers to send along with file.
*/
function file_transfer($uri, $headers) {
if (ob_get_level()) {
ob_end_clean();
}
foreach ($headers as $name => $value) {
drupal_add_http_header($name, $value);
}
drupal_send_headers();
$scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
// Transfer file in 1024 byte chunks to save memory usage.
if ($scheme && file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme) && ($fd = fopen($uri, 'rb'))) {
while (!feof($fd)) {
print fread($fd, 1024);
}
fclose($fd);
}
else {
drupal_not_found();
}
drupal_exit();
}
/**
* Menu handler for private file transfers.
*
* Call modules that implement hook_file_download() to find out if a file is
* accessible and what headers it should be transferred with. If one or more
* modules returned headers the download will start with the returned headers.
* If a module returns -1 drupal_access_denied() will be returned. If the file
* exists but no modules responded drupal_access_denied() will be returned.
* If the file does not exist drupal_not_found() will be returned.
*
* @see system_menu()
*/
function file_download() {
// Merge remainder of arguments from GET['q'], into relative file path.
$args = func_get_args();
$scheme = array_shift($args);
$target = implode('/', $args);
$uri = $scheme . '://' . $target;
$uri = file_uri_normalize_dot_segments($uri);
if (file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme) && file_exists($uri)) {
$headers = file_download_headers($uri);
if (count($headers)) {
file_transfer($uri, $headers);
}
drupal_access_denied();
}
else {
drupal_not_found();
}
drupal_exit();
}
/**
* Retrieves headers for a private file download.
*
* Calls all module implementations of hook_file_download() to retrieve headers
* for files by the module that originally provided the file. The presence of
* returned headers indicates the current user has access to the file.
*
* @param $uri
* The URI for the file whose headers should be retrieved.
*
* @return
* If access is allowed, headers for the file, suitable for passing to
* file_transfer(). If access is not allowed, an empty array will be returned.
*
* @see file_transfer()
* @see file_download_access()
* @see hook_file_download()
*/
function file_download_headers($uri) {
// Let other modules provide headers and control access to the file.
// module_invoke_all() uses array_merge_recursive() which merges header
// values into a new array. To avoid that and allow modules to override
// headers instead, use array_merge() to merge the returned arrays.
$headers = array();
foreach (module_implements('file_download') as $module) {
$function = $module . '_file_download';
$result = $function($uri);
if ($result == -1) {
// Throw away the headers received so far.
$headers = array();
break;
}
if (isset($result) && is_array($result)) {
$headers = array_merge($headers, $result);
}
}
return $headers;
}
/**
* Checks that the current user has access to a particular file.
*
* The return value of this function hinges on the return value from
* file_download_headers(), which is the function responsible for collecting
* access information through hook_file_download().
*
* If immediately transferring the file to the browser and the headers will
* need to be retrieved, the return value of file_download_headers() should be
* used to determine access directly, so that access checks will not be run
* twice.
*
* @param $uri
* The URI for the file whose access should be retrieved.
*
* @return
* Boolean TRUE if access is allowed. FALSE if access is not allowed.
*
* @see file_download_headers()
* @see hook_file_download()
*/
function file_download_access($uri) {
return count(file_download_headers($uri)) > 0;
}
/**
* Finds all files that match a given mask in a given directory.
*
* Directories and files beginning with a period are excluded; this
* prevents hidden files and directories (such as SVN working directories)
* from being scanned.
*
* @param $dir
* The base directory or URI to scan, without trailing slash.
* @param $mask
* The preg_match() regular expression of the files to find.
* @param $options
* An associative array of additional options, with the following elements:
* - 'nomask': The preg_match() regular expression of the files to ignore.
* Defaults to '/(\.\.?|CVS)$/'.
* - 'callback': The callback function to call for each match. There is no
* default callback.
* - 'recurse': When TRUE, the directory scan will recurse the entire tree
* starting at the provided directory. Defaults to TRUE.
* - 'key': The key to be used for the returned associative array of files.
* Possible values are 'uri', for the file's URI; 'filename', for the
* basename of the file; and 'name' for the name of the file without the
* extension. Defaults to 'uri'.
* - 'min_depth': Minimum depth of directories to return files from. Defaults
* to 0.
* @param $depth
* Current depth of recursion. This parameter is only used internally and
* should not be passed in.
*
* @return
* An associative array (keyed on the chosen key) of objects with 'uri',
* 'filename', and 'name' members corresponding to the matching files.
*/
function file_scan_directory($dir, $mask, $options = array(), $depth = 0) {
// Default nomask option.
$nomask = '/(\\.\\.?|CVS)$/';
// Overrides the $nomask variable accordingly if $options['nomask'] is set.
//
// Allow directories specified in settings.php to be ignored. You can use this
// to not check for files in common special-purpose directories. For example,
// node_modules and bower_components. Ignoring irrelevant directories is a
// performance boost.
if (!isset($options['nomask'])) {
$ignore_directories = variable_get('file_scan_ignore_directories', array());
foreach ($ignore_directories as $index => $ignore_directory) {
$ignore_directories[$index] = preg_quote($ignore_directory, '/');
}
if (!empty($ignore_directories)) {
$nomask = '/^(\\.\\.?)|CVS|' . implode('|', $ignore_directories) . '$/';
}
}
// Merge in defaults.
$options += array(
'nomask' => $nomask,
'callback' => 0,
'recurse' => TRUE,
'key' => 'uri',
'min_depth' => 0,
);
$options['key'] = in_array($options['key'], array(
'uri',
'filename',
'name',
)) ? $options['key'] : 'uri';
$files = array();
if (is_dir($dir) && ($handle = opendir($dir))) {
while (FALSE !== ($filename = readdir($handle))) {
if (!preg_match($options['nomask'], $filename) && $filename[0] != '.') {
$uri = "{$dir}/{$filename}";
$uri = file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize($uri);
if (is_dir($uri) && $options['recurse']) {
// Give priority to files in this folder by merging them in after any subdirectory files.
$files = array_merge(file_scan_directory($uri, $mask, $options, $depth + 1), $files);
}
elseif ($depth >= $options['min_depth'] && preg_match($mask, $filename)) {
// Always use this match over anything already set in $files with the
// same $$options['key'].
$file = new stdClass();
$file->uri = $uri;
$file->filename = $filename;
$file->name = pathinfo($filename, PATHINFO_FILENAME);
$key = $options['key'];
$files[$file->{$key}] = $file;
if ($options['callback']) {
$options['callback']($uri);
}
}
}
}
closedir($handle);
}
return $files;
}
/**
* Determines the maximum file upload size by querying the PHP settings.
*
* @return
* A file size limit in bytes based on the PHP upload_max_filesize and
* post_max_size
*/
function file_upload_max_size() {
static $max_size = -1;
if ($max_size < 0) {
// Start with post_max_size.
$max_size = parse_size(ini_get('post_max_size'));
// If upload_max_size is less, then reduce. Except if upload_max_size is
// zero, which indicates no limit.
$upload_max = parse_size(ini_get('upload_max_filesize'));
if ($upload_max > 0 && $upload_max < $max_size) {
$max_size = $upload_max;
}
}
return $max_size;
}
/**
* Determines an Internet Media Type or MIME type from a filename.
*
* @param $uri
* A string containing the URI, path, or filename.
* @param $mapping
* An optional map of extensions to their mimetypes, in the form:
* - 'mimetypes': a list of mimetypes, keyed by an identifier,
* - 'extensions': the mapping itself, an associative array in which
* the key is the extension (lowercase) and the value is the mimetype
* identifier. If $mapping is NULL file_mimetype_mapping() is called.
*
* @return
* The internet media type registered for the extension or
* application/octet-stream for unknown extensions.
*
* @see file_default_mimetype_mapping()
*/
function file_get_mimetype($uri, $mapping = NULL) {
if ($wrapper = file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri($uri)) {
return $wrapper->getMimeType($uri, $mapping);
}
else {
// getMimeType() is not implementation specific, so we can directly
// call it without an instance.
return DrupalLocalStreamWrapper::getMimeType($uri, $mapping);
}
}
/**
* Sets the permissions on a file or directory.
*
* This function will use the 'file_chmod_directory' and 'file_chmod_file'
* variables for the default modes for directories and uploaded/generated
* files. By default these will give everyone read access so that users
* accessing the files with a user account without the webserver group (e.g.
* via FTP) can read these files, and give group write permissions so webserver
* group members (e.g. a vhost account) can alter files uploaded and owned by
* the webserver.
*
* PHP's chmod does not support stream wrappers so we use our wrapper
* implementation which interfaces with chmod() by default. Contrib wrappers
* may override this behavior in their implementations as needed.
*
* @param $uri
* A string containing a URI file, or directory path.
* @param $mode
* Integer value for the permissions. Consult PHP chmod() documentation for
* more information.
*
* @return
* TRUE for success, FALSE in the event of an error.
*
* @ingroup php_wrappers
*/
function drupal_chmod($uri, $mode = NULL) {
if (!isset($mode)) {
if (is_dir($uri)) {
$mode = variable_get('file_chmod_directory', 0775);
}
else {
$mode = variable_get('file_chmod_file', 0664);
}
}
// If this URI is a stream, pass it off to the appropriate stream wrapper.
// Otherwise, attempt PHP's chmod. This allows use of drupal_chmod even
// for unmanaged files outside of the stream wrapper interface.
if ($wrapper = file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri($uri)) {
if ($wrapper->chmod($mode)) {
return TRUE;
}
}
else {
if (@chmod($uri, $mode)) {
return TRUE;
}
}
watchdog('file', 'The file permissions could not be set on %uri.', array(
'%uri' => $uri,
), WATCHDOG_ERROR);
return FALSE;
}
/**
* Deletes a file.
*
* PHP's unlink() is broken on Windows, as it can fail to remove a file
* when it has a read-only flag set.
*
* @param $uri
* A URI or pathname.
* @param $context
* Refer to http://php.net/manual/ref.stream.php
*
* @return
* Boolean TRUE on success, or FALSE on failure.
*
* @see unlink()
* @ingroup php_wrappers
*/
function drupal_unlink($uri, $context = NULL) {
$scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
if ((!$scheme || !file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) && substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3) == 'WIN') {
chmod($uri, 0600);
}
if ($context) {
return unlink($uri, $context);
}
else {
return unlink($uri);
}
}
/**
* Resolves the absolute filepath of a local URI or filepath.
*
* The use of drupal_realpath() is discouraged, because it does not work for
* remote URIs. Except in rare cases, URIs should not be manually resolved.
*
* Only use this function if you know that the stream wrapper in the URI uses
* the local file system, and you need to pass an absolute path to a function
* that is incompatible with stream URIs.
*
* @param string $uri
* A stream wrapper URI or a filepath, possibly including one or more symbolic
* links.
*
* @return string|false
* The absolute local filepath (with no symbolic links), or FALSE on failure.
*
* @see DrupalStreamWrapperInterface::realpath()
* @see http://php.net/manual/function.realpath.php
* @ingroup php_wrappers
*/
function drupal_realpath($uri) {
// If this URI is a stream, pass it off to the appropriate stream wrapper.
// Otherwise, attempt PHP's realpath. This allows use of drupal_realpath even
// for unmanaged files outside of the stream wrapper interface.
if ($wrapper = file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri($uri)) {
return $wrapper->realpath();
}
elseif (!empty($uri)) {
return realpath($uri);
}
return FALSE;
}
/**
* Gets the name of the directory from a given path.
*
* PHP's dirname() does not properly pass streams, so this function fills
* that gap. It is backwards compatible with normal paths and will use
* PHP's dirname() as a fallback.
*
* Compatibility: normal paths and stream wrappers.
*
* @param $uri
* A URI or path.
*
* @return
* A string containing the directory name.
*
* @see dirname()
* @see http://drupal.org/node/515192
* @ingroup php_wrappers
*/
function drupal_dirname($uri) {
$scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
if ($scheme && file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) {
return file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_scheme($scheme)->dirname($uri);
}
else {
return dirname($uri);
}
}
/**
* Gets the filename from a given path.
*
* PHP's basename() does not properly support streams or filenames beginning
* with a non-US-ASCII character.
*
* @see http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=37738
* @see basename()
*
* @ingroup php_wrappers
*/
function drupal_basename($uri, $suffix = NULL) {
$separators = '/';
if (DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR != '/') {
// For Windows OS add special separator.
$separators .= DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
}
// Remove right-most slashes when $uri points to directory.
$uri = rtrim($uri, $separators);
// Returns the trailing part of the $uri starting after one of the directory
// separators.
$filename = preg_match('@[^' . preg_quote($separators, '@') . ']+$@', $uri, $matches) ? $matches[0] : '';
// Cuts off a suffix from the filename.
if ($suffix) {
$filename = preg_replace('@' . preg_quote($suffix, '@') . '$@', '', $filename);
}
return $filename;
}
/**
* Creates a directory, optionally creating missing components in the path to
* the directory.
*
* When PHP's mkdir() creates a directory, the requested mode is affected by the
* process's umask. This function overrides the umask and sets the mode
* explicitly for all directory components created.
*
* @param $uri
* A URI or pathname.
* @param $mode
* Mode given to created directories. Defaults to the directory mode
* configured in the Drupal installation. It must have a leading zero.
* @param $recursive
* Create directories recursively, defaults to FALSE. Cannot work with a mode
* which denies writing or execution to the owner of the process.
* @param $context
* Refer to http://php.net/manual/ref.stream.php
*
* @return
* Boolean TRUE on success, or FALSE on failure.
*
* @see mkdir()
* @see http://drupal.org/node/515192
* @ingroup php_wrappers
*/
function drupal_mkdir($uri, $mode = NULL, $recursive = FALSE, $context = NULL) {
if (!isset($mode)) {
$mode = variable_get('file_chmod_directory', 0775);
}
// If the URI has a scheme, don't override the umask - schemes can handle this
// issue in their own implementation.
if (file_uri_scheme($uri)) {
return _drupal_mkdir_call($uri, $mode, $recursive, $context);
}
// If recursive, create each missing component of the parent directory
// individually and set the mode explicitly to override the umask.
if ($recursive) {
// Ensure the path is using DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, and trim off any trailing
// slashes because they can throw off the loop when creating the parent
// directories.
$uri = rtrim(str_replace('/', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $uri), DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
// Determine the components of the path.
$components = explode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $uri);
// If the filepath is absolute the first component will be empty as there
// will be nothing before the first slash.
if ($components[0] == '') {
$recursive_path = DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
// Get rid of the empty first component.
array_shift($components);
}
else {
$recursive_path = '';
}
// Don't handle the top-level directory in this loop.
array_pop($components);
// Create each component if necessary.
foreach ($components as $component) {
$recursive_path .= $component;
if (!file_exists($recursive_path)) {
$success = _drupal_mkdir_call($recursive_path, $mode, FALSE, $context);
// If the operation failed, check again if the directory was created
// by another process/server, only report a failure if not.
if (!$success && !file_exists($recursive_path)) {
return FALSE;
}
// Not necessary to use self::chmod() as there is no scheme.
if (!chmod($recursive_path, $mode)) {
return FALSE;
}
}
$recursive_path .= DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
}
}
// Do not check if the top-level directory already exists, as this condition
// must cause this function to fail.
if (!_drupal_mkdir_call($uri, $mode, FALSE, $context)) {
return FALSE;
}
// Not necessary to use drupal_chmod() as there is no scheme.
return chmod($uri, $mode);
}
/**
* Helper function. Ensures we don't pass a NULL as a context resource to
* mkdir().
*
* @see drupal_mkdir()
*/
function _drupal_mkdir_call($uri, $mode, $recursive, $context) {
if (is_null($context)) {
return mkdir($uri, $mode, $recursive);
}
else {
return mkdir($uri, $mode, $recursive, $context);
}
}
/**
* Removes a directory.
*
* PHP's rmdir() is broken on Windows, as it can fail to remove a directory
* when it has a read-only flag set.
*
* @param $uri
* A URI or pathname.
* @param $context
* Refer to http://php.net/manual/ref.stream.php
*
* @return
* Boolean TRUE on success, or FALSE on failure.
*
* @see rmdir()
* @ingroup php_wrappers
*/
function drupal_rmdir($uri, $context = NULL) {
$scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
if ((!$scheme || !file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) && substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3) == 'WIN') {
chmod($uri, 0700);
}
if ($context) {
return rmdir($uri, $context);
}
else {
return rmdir($uri);
}
}
/**
* Creates a file with a unique filename in the specified directory.
*
* PHP's tempnam() does not return a URI like we want. This function
* will return a URI if given a URI, or it will return a filepath if
* given a filepath.
*
* Compatibility: normal paths and stream wrappers.
*
* @param $directory
* The directory where the temporary filename will be created.
* @param $prefix
* The prefix of the generated temporary filename.
* Note: Windows uses only the first three characters of prefix.
*
* @return
* The new temporary filename, or FALSE on failure.
*
* @see tempnam()
* @see http://drupal.org/node/515192
* @ingroup php_wrappers
*/
function drupal_tempnam($directory, $prefix) {
$scheme = file_uri_scheme($directory);
if ($scheme && file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) {
$wrapper = file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_scheme($scheme);
if ($filename = tempnam($wrapper->getDirectoryPath(), $prefix)) {
return $scheme . '://' . drupal_basename($filename);
}
else {
return FALSE;
}
}
else {
// Handle as a normal tempnam() call.
return tempnam($directory, $prefix);
}
}
/**
* Gets the path of system-appropriate temporary directory.
*/
function file_directory_temp() {
$temporary_directory = variable_get('file_temporary_path', NULL);
if (empty($temporary_directory)) {
$directories = array();
// Has PHP been set with an upload_tmp_dir?
if (ini_get('upload_tmp_dir')) {
$directories[] = ini_get('upload_tmp_dir');
}
// Operating system specific dirs.
if (substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3) == 'WIN') {
$directories[] = 'c:\\windows\\temp';
$directories[] = 'c:\\winnt\\temp';
}
else {
$directories[] = '/tmp';
}
// PHP may be able to find an alternative tmp directory.
// This function exists in PHP 5 >= 5.2.1, but Drupal
// requires PHP 5 >= 5.2.0, so we check for it.
if (function_exists('sys_get_temp_dir')) {
$directories[] = sys_get_temp_dir();
}
foreach ($directories as $directory) {
if (is_dir($directory) && is_writable($directory)) {
$temporary_directory = $directory;
break;
}
}
if (empty($temporary_directory)) {
// If no directory has been found default to 'files/tmp'.
$temporary_directory = variable_get('file_public_path', conf_path() . '/files') . '/tmp';
// Windows accepts paths with either slash (/) or backslash (\), but will
// not accept a path which contains both a slash and a backslash. Since
// the 'file_public_path' variable may have either format, we sanitize
// everything to use slash which is supported on all platforms.
$temporary_directory = str_replace('\\', '/', $temporary_directory);
}
// Save the path of the discovered directory.
variable_set('file_temporary_path', $temporary_directory);
}
return $temporary_directory;
}
/**
* Examines a file object and returns appropriate content headers for download.
*
* @param $file
* A file object.
*
* @return
* An associative array of headers, as expected by file_transfer().
*/
function file_get_content_headers($file) {
$type = mime_header_encode($file->filemime);
return array(
'Content-Type' => $type,
'Content-Length' => $file->filesize,
'Cache-Control' => 'private',
);
}
/**
* Normalize dot segments in a URI.
*
* @param $uri
* A stream, referenced as "scheme://target".
*
* @return string
* The URI with dot segments removed and slashes as directory separator.
*/
function file_uri_normalize_dot_segments($uri) {
$scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
if (file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) {
$target = file_uri_target($uri);
if ($target !== FALSE) {
if (!in_array($scheme, variable_get('file_sa_core_2023_005_schemes', array()))) {
$class = file_stream_wrapper_get_class($scheme);
$is_local = is_subclass_of($class, 'DrupalLocalStreamWrapper');
if ($is_local) {
$target = str_replace(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, '/', $target);
}
$parts = explode('/', $target);
$normalized_parts = array();
while ($parts) {
$part = array_shift($parts);
if ($part === '' || $part === '.') {
continue;
}
elseif ($part === '..' && $is_local && $normalized_parts === array()) {
$normalized_parts[] = $part;
break;
}
elseif ($part === '..') {
array_pop($normalized_parts);
}
else {
$normalized_parts[] = $part;
}
}
$target = implode('/', array_merge($normalized_parts, $parts));
}
$uri = $scheme . '://' . $target;
}
}
return $uri;
}
/**
* @} End of "defgroup file".
*/Functions
| Title | Deprecated | Summary |
|---|---|---|
| drupal_basename | Gets the filename from a given path. | |
| drupal_chmod | Sets the permissions on a file or directory. | |
| drupal_dirname | Gets the name of the directory from a given path. | |
| drupal_mkdir | Creates a directory, optionally creating missing components in the path to the directory. | |
| drupal_move_uploaded_file | Moves an uploaded file to a new location. | |
| drupal_realpath | Resolves the absolute filepath of a local URI or filepath. | |
| drupal_rmdir | Removes a directory. | |
| drupal_tempnam | Creates a file with a unique filename in the specified directory. | |
| drupal_unlink | Deletes a file. | |
| file_build_uri | Constructs a URI to Drupal's default files location given a relative path. | |
| file_copy | Copies a file to a new location and adds a file record to the database. | |
| file_create_filename | Creates a full file path from a directory and filename. | |
| file_create_htaccess | Creates a .htaccess file in the given directory. | |
| file_create_url | Creates a web-accessible URL for a stream to an external or local file. | |
| file_default_scheme | Gets the default file stream implementation. | |
| file_delete | Deletes a file and its database record. | |
| file_destination | Determines the destination path for a file. | |
| file_directory_temp | Gets the path of system-appropriate temporary directory. | |
| file_download | Menu handler for private file transfers. | |
| file_download_access | Checks that the current user has access to a particular file. | |
| file_download_headers | Retrieves headers for a private file download. | |
| file_ensure_htaccess | Creates a .htaccess file in each Drupal files directory if it is missing. | |
| file_get_content_headers | Examines a file object and returns appropriate content headers for download. | |
| file_get_mimetype | Determines an Internet Media Type or MIME type from a filename. | |
| file_get_stream_wrappers | Provides Drupal stream wrapper registry. | |
| file_htaccess_lines | Returns the standard .htaccess lines that Drupal writes to file directories. | |
| file_load | Loads a single file object from the database. | |
| file_load_multiple | Loads file objects from the database. | |
| file_move | Moves a file to a new location and update the file's database entry. | |
| file_munge_filename | Modifies a filename as needed for security purposes. | |
| file_prepare_directory | Checks that the directory exists and is writable. | |
| file_save | Saves a file object to the database. | |
| file_save_data | Saves a file to the specified destination and creates a database entry. | |
| file_save_upload | Saves a file upload to a new location. | |
| file_scan_directory | Finds all files that match a given mask in a given directory. | |
| file_space_used | Determines total disk space used by a single user or the whole filesystem. | |
| file_stream_wrapper_get_class | Returns the stream wrapper class name for a given scheme. | |
| file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_scheme | Returns a reference to the stream wrapper class responsible for a scheme. | |
| file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri | Returns a reference to the stream wrapper class responsible for a given URI. | |
| file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize | Normalizes a URI by making it syntactically correct. | |
| file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme | Checks that the scheme of a stream URI is valid. | |
| file_transfer | Transfers a file to the client using HTTP. | |
| file_unmanaged_copy | Copies a file to a new location without invoking the file API. | |
| file_unmanaged_delete | Deletes a file without database changes or hook invocations. | |
| file_unmanaged_delete_recursive | Deletes all files and directories in the specified filepath recursively. | |
| file_unmanaged_move | Moves a file to a new location without database changes or hook invocation. | |
| file_unmanaged_save_data | Saves a string to the specified destination without invoking file API. | |
| file_unmunge_filename | Undoes the effect of file_munge_filename(). | |
| file_upload_max_size | Determines the maximum file upload size by querying the PHP settings. | |
| file_uri_normalize_dot_segments | Normalize dot segments in a URI. |
Constants
| Title | Deprecated | Summary |
|---|---|---|
| FILE_CREATE_DIRECTORY | Flag used by file_prepare_directory() -- create directory if not present. | |
| FILE_EXISTS_ERROR | Flag for dealing with existing files: Do nothing and return FALSE. | |
| FILE_EXISTS_RENAME | Flag for dealing with existing files: Appends number until name is unique. | |
| FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE | Flag for dealing with existing files: Replace the existing file. | |
| FILE_INSECURE_EXTENSIONS | A pipe-separated list of insecure extensions. | |
| FILE_MODIFY_PERMISSIONS | Flag used by file_prepare_directory() -- file permissions may be changed. | |
| FILE_STATUS_PERMANENT | Indicates that the file is permanent and should not be deleted. |
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